Oracle
Exam Name: Oracle Real Application Clusters 11g Release 2 and Grid Infrastructure Administration
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Question:
1
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Which three actions would
be helpful in determining the cause of a node reboot?
A. determining the time of
the node reboot by using the uptime command and subtracting the up time from
the current system time
B. looking for messages
such as "Oracle CSSD failure. Rebooting for cluster integrity" in
/var/log/messages
C. using the crsctl
command to view tracing information
D. inspecting the ocssd
log for "Begin Dump" or "End Dump" messages
E. inspecting the database
alert log for reboot messages
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Answer: A, B, D
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Explanation:
Determining Which Process
Caused Reboot
First, determine the time
of the node reboot by using the uptime command and subtracting the up time from
the current system time. The reboot time will be used when examining log files.
When the OCSSD daemon is responsible for rebooting a node, a message similar to
“Oracle CSSD failure. Rebooting for cluster integrity” is written into the
system messages log at /var/log/messages. The cssd daemon log file that is
located at <Grid_Home>/log/<hostname>/cssd/ocssd.log may also
contain messages similar to "Begin Dump" or "End Dump" just
before the reboot. If hangcheck-timer is being used, it will provide message
logging to the system messages log when a node restart is initiated by the
module. To verify whether this process was responsible for the node reboot,
examine the /var/log/messages file and look for an error message similar to:
"Hangcheck: hangcheck is restarting the machine." Other useful log
files include the Clusterware alert log in
<Grid_home>/log/<hostname> and the lastgasp log in /etc/oracle/lastgasp
or /var/opt/oracle/lastgasp.
If no indication of which
process caused the reboot can be determined from these files, additional
debugging and tracing may need to be enabled. Note: The oclsomon and the oprocd
background processes have been eliminated in Oracle Database 11g Release 2.
D60488GC11
Oracle 11g: RAC and Grid
Infrastructure Administration Accelerated 6 – 21
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Question:
2
|
After Oracle Grid
Infrastructure has been installed, you should take a few moments to verify the
installation. Which two actions would be useful in verifying the installation?
A. Run the crsctl status
resource –t command to confirm that all necessary cluster resources are online.
B. Use the operating
system utilities to verify that your SCAN addresses are being properly
resolved.
C. Start Oracle Enterprise
Manager and check all monitored targets.
D. Run the cluvfy comp
nodecon –n all –verbose command to verify the entire Grid Infrastructure
installation.
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Answer: A, B
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Explanation:
Verifying
the Grid Infrastructure Installation Execute the crsctl command as shown in the
slide to confirm that all cluster resources are up and running. root@racnode01
~]# /u01/app/11.2.0/grid/bin/crsctl stat res -t In addition, you should confirm
that your DNS is properly forwarding address requests for your application and
SCAN VIPs to your GNS and that they are resolved properly. You can do this with
dig. Execute the dig command with DNS and VIP addresses as shown: # dig
@myDNS.example.com racnode01-cluster01.example.com ... ;;
QUESTION
SECTION:
;racnode01-vip.cluster01.example.com.
IN A
;;
ANSWER SECTION: racnode01-vip.cluster01.example.com. 120 IN A 192.0.2.103 ... #
dig @myDNS.example.com cluster01-scan.cluster01.example.com ... ;; QUESTION
SECTION: ;cluster01-scan.cluster01.example.com. IN A ;; ANSWER SECTION:
cluster01-scan.cluster01.example.com. 120 IN A 192.0.2.248
cluster01-scan.cluster01.example.com. 120 IN A 192.0.2.253
cluster01-scan.cluster01.example.com. 120 IN A 192.0.2.254 D60488GC11
Oracle 11g: RAC and Grid
Infrastructure Administration Accelerated 2 – 44
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Question:
3
|
Which two network
addresses are required to be static, non-dhcp addresses when using the Grid
Naming?
A. GNS VIP Address
B. SCAN VIP Address
C. Node VIP Address
D. Node Public Address
E. Node Private Address
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Answer: A, D
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Explanation:
2.6.2 IP Address
Requirements Before starting the installation, you must have at least two
network adapters configured on each node: One for the private IP address and
one for the public IP address. You can configure IP addresses with one of the
following options: Dynamic IP address assignment using Oracle Grid Naming
Service (GNS). If you select this option, then network administrators assign
static IP address for the physical host name and dynamically allocated IPs for
the Oracle Clusterware managed VIP addresses. Oracle® Grid Infrastructure
Installation Guide Implementing GNS To implement GNS, you must collaborate with
your network administrator to obtain an IP address on the public network for
the GNS VIP. DNS uses the GNS VIP to forward requests for access to the cluster
to GNS. You must also collaborate with your DNS administrator to delegate a
domain to the cluster. This can be a separate domain or a subdomain of an existing
domain. The DNS server must be configured to forward all requests for this new
domain to the GNS VIP. Since each cluster has its own GNS, it must be allocated
a unique domain of which to be in control. Oracle® Clusterware Administration
and Deployment Guide
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Question:
4
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You are in the planning
stages for upgrading your Oracle RAC database from Oracle Database 10g Release
2 to Oracle Database 11g Release 2 to run under the Oracle Grid Infrastructure.
You decide to use an administrator-managed configuration because the cluster is
fairly small. Which statement is correct about this configuration?
A. A parent pool of the
GENERIC server pool will be used.
B. You must define a new
server pool called MANUAL.
C. A subpool of the
GENERIC server pool will be used.
D. A subpool of the FREE
server pool will be used.
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Answer: C
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Explanation:
With Oracle RAC 11g
Release 2, there is only a database resource define to Oracle Clusterware. This
resource will contain the Oracle Home, the spfile, the server pool(s) and the
ASM diskgroup(s) required for the database. The database resource will have a
weak start dependency on the VIP which means it will try to start the VIP for
the node when the instance starts however if the VIP does not start
successfully, the instance will still be started. When reviewing the database
resource for an administrator Managed database, you will see a server pool
defined with the same name as the Oracle database. This pool will be part of a
special Oracle defined server pool called Generic. The Generic server pool is
managed by Oracle to support Administrator Managed databases. The server pools
that are part of Generic will be automatically created or removed when you add
or remove an Administrator Managed database. Oracle Database 11gR2 Upgrade
Companion (Version 2.70)
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Question:
5
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The Instance
Initialization parameters are set to: DB_CREATE_FILE_DEST = +DATA
DB_CREATE_ONLlNE_LOG_DEST_l = +LOGS DB_CREATE_ONLlNE_LOG_DEST_2 = + FRA The
SQL* Plus command “ALTER DATABASE ADD LOGFILE;” will create:
A. a new log file in the
+DATA disk group, or a log file in the + FRA disk group, if +DATA is not
available
B. a new log file in the
+DATA disk group and a log file in the + FRA disk group
C. a new log file in the
+LOGS disk group and a log file in the + FRA disk group
D. a new log file in the
+LOGS disk group, or a log file in the +FRA dls* available
E. a new log file in the
+DATA disk group, a log file in the +LOGS disk group, and a log file in the
+FRA disk group
F. a new log file in the
+LOGS disk group, or a log file in the +FRA disk group, if +LOGS is not
available
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Answer: C
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Explanation:
The following table lists
the initialization parameters that enable the use of Oracle Managed Files.
Initialization Parameter DB_CREATE_FILE_DEST Defines the location of the
default file system directory or Oracle ASM disk group where the database
creates datafiles or tempfiles when no file specification is given in the
create operation. Also used as the default location for redo log and control
files if DB_CREATE_ONLINE_LOG_DEST_n are not specified.
DB_CREATE_ONLINE_LOG_DEST_n Defines the location of the default file system
directory or Oracle ASM disk group for redo log files and control file creation
when no file specification is given in the create operation. By changing n, you
can use this initialization parameter multiple times, where n specifies a
multiplexed copy of the redo log or control file. You can specify up to five
multiplexed copies. DB_RECOVERY_FILE_DEST Defines the location of the Fast
Recovery Area, which is the default file system directory or Oracle ASM disk
group where the database creates RMAN backups when no format option is used,
archived logs when no other local destination is configured, and flashback
logs. Also used as the default location for redo log and control files or
multiplexed copies of redo log and control files if DB_CREATE_ONLINE_LOG_DEST_n
are not specified. Oracle® Database Administrator's Guide
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Question:
6
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Which three statements
define a cluster?
A. is a group of
independent, but interconnected computers that act as a single system
B. can be deployed to
increase availability and performance
C. can be deployed to
balance a dynamically changing workload
D. should appear to an
application as multiple servers
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Answer: A, B, C
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Explanation:
Oracle Real Application
Clusters
• Oracle Real Application
Clusters (Oracle RAC) is a database clustering technology whose shared storage
capabilities allow multiple machines to work in parallel on the same data,
reducing processing time significantly. Oracle RAC also offers resilience,
allowing processing to continue in the event of one or more machines being
unavailable because of planned or unplanned downtime. Computer cluster
• A computer cluster
consists of a set of loosely connected computers that work together so that in
many respects they can be viewed as a single system.
• The components of a
cluster are usually connected to each other through fast local area networks,
each node running its own instance on an operating system. Computer clusters
emerged as a result of convergence of a number of computing trends including
the availability of low cost microprocessors, high speed networks, and software
for high performance distributed computing.
• Clusters are usually
deployed to improve performance and availability over that of a single
computer, while typically being much more cost-effective than single computers
of comparable speed or availability
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Question:
7
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You want to create an ACFS
on an ADVM volume using a shell script and the appropriate command-line
utilities. These are the requirements: 1. The dynamic volume file must use
space in the VOLFILE disk group with a size of 500 M and be called prodvol. 2.
The mount point called /acfs already exists. Which four steps must be performed
to achieve this?
A. As the Grid
Infrastructure owner, run mount -t acfs /dev/asm/prodvol-417 /acfs to mount the
file system.
B. As the Grid
Infrastructure owner, run asmcmd volinfo -d volfile prodvol to determine the
volume information.
C. As the Grid
Infrastructure owner, run asmcmd volcreate -d volfile -s 500M prodvol to create
the volume file.
D. As the Grid
Infrastructure owner, run mkfs -t acfs /dev/asm/prodvol-417 to create the file
system.
E. As root, run mount -t
acfs /dev/asm/prodvol-417 /acfs to mount the file system.
F. As root, run mkfs -t
acfs /dev/asm/prodvol-417 to create the file system.
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Answer: B, C, D, E
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Explanation:
Reference: Creating an
ACFS Volume Create the volume: $ asmcmd volcreate -G DATA -s 100M testvol View
the volume information: $ asmcmd volinfo -G DATA testvol Make a mount point
directory: $ mkdir /u01/app/oracle/acfsdata/testvol Make the file system (as
root): # mkfs -t acfs /dev/asm/testvol-403 Mount the file system to the mount
point: # mount -t acfs /dev/asm/testvol-403 \ /u01/app/oracle/acfsdata/testvol
D60488GC11 Oracle 11g: RAC and Grid Infrastructure Administration Accelerated
10 - 13 Create a file system with the Oracle ACFS mkfs command. Create a file
system using an existing volume device. For example: $ /sbin/mkfs -t acfs
/dev/asm/volume1-123 mkfs.acfs: version = 11.2.0.1.0.0 mkfs.acfs: on-disk
version = 39.0 mkfs.acfs: volume = /dev/asm/volume1-123 mkfs.acfs: volume size
= 10737418240
mkfs.acfs: Format
complete. See "mkfs" (Linux or UNIX) or "acfsformat"
(Windows). The root privilege is not required. The ownership of the volume
device file dictates who can run this command. Oracle® Automatic Storage
Management Administrator's Guide 11g Release 2 (11.2)
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Question:
8
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Some new non-ASM shared
storage has been made available by the storage administrator, and the Oracle
Grid Infrastructure administrator decides to move the voting disks, which do
not reside in ASM, to this new non-ASM location. How can this be done?
A. by running crsctl add
css votedisk <path_to_new_location> followed by crsctl delete css
–votedisk <path_to_old_location>
B. by running crsctl
replace css votedisk <path_to_old_location,path_to_new_location>
C. by running srvctl
replace css votedisk <path_to_old_location, path_to_new_location>
D. by running srvctl add
css votedisk <path_to_new_location> followed by srvctl delete css
votedisk <path_to_old_location>
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Answer: A
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Explanation:
Adding, Deleting, or
Migrating Voting Disks Modifying voting disks that are stored in Oracle ASM To
migrate voting disks from Oracle ASM to an alternative storage device, specify
the path to the non-Oracle ASM storage device with which you want to replace the
Oracle ASM disk group using the following command: $ crsctl replace votedisk
path_to_voting_disk You can run this command on any node in the cluster. To
replace all voting disks not stored in Oracle ASM with voting disks managed by
Oracle ASM in an Oracle ASM disk group, run the following command: $ crsctl
replace votedisk +asm_disk_group Modifying voting disks that are not stored on
Oracle ASM: To add one or more voting disks, run the following command,
replacing the path_to_voting_disk variable with one or more space-delimited,
complete paths to the voting disks you want to add: $ crsctl add css votedisk
path_to_voting_disk [...] To replace voting disk A with voting disk B, you must
add voting disk B, and then delete voting disk
A. To add a new disk and
remove the existing disk, run the following command, replacing the
path_to_voting_diskB variable with the fully qualified path name of voting disk
B: $ crsctl add css votedisk path_to_voting_diskB -purge The -purge option
deletes existing voting disks.
To remove a voting disk,
run the following command, specifying one or more space-delimited, voting disk
FUIDs or comma-delimited directory paths to the voting disks you want to
remove: $ crsctl delete css votedisk {FUID | path_to_voting_disk[...]} Oracle® Clusterware
Administration and Deployment Guide 11g Release 2 (11.2)
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Question:
9
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Which three statements are
true about using RMAN with ASM? A. RMAN is the only supported method to back up
database files stored in ASM.
B. RMAN is the only
supported method to back up ACFS files.
C. RMAN can use ASM
storage for backups.
D. RMAN cannot use ASM
storage for backups.
E. Using RMAN, database
files can be migrated to ASM from a file system.
F. Using RMAN, database
files cannot be moved from ASM to a file system
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Answer: A, C, E
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Explanation:
• RMAN is also critical to
Automatic Storage Management (ASM). Since ASM is critical to GRID operations,
RMAN is then critical for GRID based systems. In ASM, RMAN is responsible for tracking
the ASM filenames and for performing the deletion of obsolete ASM files. ASM
files cannot, however, be accessed through normal operating system interfaces;
therefore, RMAN is the preferred means of copying ASM files. It is also
possible to use FTP through XDB, but generally, RMAN will be less complex. It
is important to learn to use RMAN first because RMAN is the only method for
performing backups of a database containing ASM files. • Setting Initialization
Parameters for ASM The procedure for creating a duplicate database to an ASM
location is similar to the procedure described in "Settings and
Restrictions for OMF Initialization Parameters" on page 25-4. The
difference is that you must identify the initialization parameters that control
the location where files are created and set these parameters to an ASM disk
group. For example, set DB_CREATE_FILE_DEST, DB_CREATE_ONLINE_DEST_n,and
CONTROL_FILES to +DISK1. • To take advantage of Automatic Storage Management
(ASM) with an existing database you must migrate that database into ASM. This
migration is performed using Recovery Manager (RMAN) even if you are not using
RMAN for your primary backup and recovery strategy. Oracle® Database Backup and
Recovery Advanced User's Guide
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Question:
10
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Which two statements are
true about ACFS snapshots?
A. They can be created for
ACFS file systems only if the ASM disk group hosting the ADVM volume file used
by the file system has free space available.
B. They can be created for
ACFS file systems only if the ADVM volume file used by the file system has free
space available.
C. They can be created
only if the ASM disk group hosting the ADVM volume used by the file system has
no other ASM files contained in the disk group.
D. They can be created
when ACFS is used both on clusters and on stand-alone servers.
E. They are accessible only on the cluster
node that was used when creating the snapshot.
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Answer: B, D
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Explanation:
About Oracle ACFS
Snapshots Oracle ACFS snapshot storage is maintained within the file system,
eliminating the management of separate storage pools for file systems and
snapshots. Oracle ACFS file systems can be dynamically resized to accommodate
additional file and snapshot storage requirements. Oracle® Automatic Storage
Management Administrator's Guide 11g Release 2 (11.2)
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